Perbandingan Skala Critical-Care Pain Observation Tool (CPOT) dan Wong-Baker Faces Pain Rating Scale dalam Menilai Derajat Nyeri pada Pasien dengan Ventilasi Mekanik

Assesing pain in mechanically ventilated patients is a great challenge. Mechanical ventilated patients are often unable to self-report the presence of pain. CPOT is a behavioral pain scale which has been developed and validated for measuring pain in nonverbal critically ill adults. This study was to compare CPOT and Wong-Baker by examining psychometric properties including reliability, validity and responsiveness. A repeated measures design was chosen for this quantitative study with 31 samples of mechanically ventilated patients. The ICC values of inter-rater reliability were high at 0,965 for CPOT and low at 0,423 for Wong-Baker. Validity was demonstrated by the change in CPOT and Wong-Baker, which were significantly higher during painful procedures,with averages for CPOT 1,32 – 1,42 at rest and 2,39-4,26 during procedure (p <0,001) and for Wong-Baker 4,52 – 4,65 at rest and 5,29-5,74 during procedure. The CPOT exhibited excellent responsiveness, with an effect size ranging from 5,0 to 5,4 better then Wong-Baker with an effect size ranging from 0,8 to 2,2. This study demonstrated that the CPOT can be valid, reliabeland more responsiveness for measuring pain in mechanical ventilated patients.

Key words: CPOT, Wong-Baker, Pain, Mechanical ventilation